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Comparing
Reliability Predictions to Field Data for Plastic Parts in a Military,
Airborne Environment
Presented during the RAMS Conference 2003 in Tampa USA
Author:
Laura M. Brown Northrop Grumman Electronic Systems
Baltimore
This
paper examines two popular prediction methods and compares the results
to field data collected on Plastic Encapsulated Microcircuits (PEMs)
operating in a military, airborne environment. The comparison studies
focused on three digital Circuit Card Assemblies (CCAs) designed
primarily with plastic, surface mount parts. Predictions were completed
using MIL-HDBK217 models and PRISM®, the latest software
tool developed by the Reliability Analysis Center (RAC).
MIL-HDBK-217F2.
The MIL-HDBK-217 predictions which correlated best to the field
data were based on quality levels pQ
of 2 and 3, rather than the typical pQ
values of 5 or higher, traditionally assigned per the handbook's
screening classifications for commercial, plastic parts. Since the
quality factor is a direct multiplier in the prediction models,
the impact of changing pQ was significant.
The predictions with modified pQ factors
of 2 or 3 were within 10% of the demonstrated field reliability
for the three Circuit Card Assemblies in the study.
PRISM®.
The initial findings from the PRISM® tool revealed the predictions
were optimistic in comparison to the observed field performance,
meaning the predictions yielded higher Mean Time To Failure (MTTF)
values than demonstrated. Further evaluation of the PRISM® models
showed how modifying default values could improve the prediction
accuracy. The impact of the System Level Multiplier was also determined
to be a major contributor to the difference between PRISM® predictions
and field data. Finally, experience data proved valuable in refining
the prediction results. The findings from this study provide justification
to modify specific modeling factors to improve the predictions for
PEMs, and also serve as a baseline to evaluate future alternative
prediction methods.
REFERENCES
1.
Military Handbook 217FN2, Reliability Prediction of Electronic Equipment,
Department of Defense, 1995.
2.
PRISM® Software, Users Manual Version 1.0, Reliability Analysis
Center, 2000.
3.
A. Bumbalough, Electronics Parts Obsolescence Initiative Workshop,
4 & 5 April, 2000, Baltimore, Maryland. 4. National Semiconductor
Corp., Plastic Packages, August, 1999.
Internet
(e-mail): LMBrown@northropgrumman.com
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Microcircuit
Reliability Prediction

Source:www.crane.navy.mil/sd18/MicrocircuitReliability.htm
The Reliability Prediction of Electronic Equipment Handbook, MIL-HDBK-217F
notice 2, is used as a guideline to establish and maintain probability
for microcircuits. An area of some current disagreement in the MIL-HDBK-217F
notice 2 is with the Quality Factor for commercial/consumer microcircuits.
The handbook lists the Quality Factor (pQ) as 10. This was established
prior to 1991. Through review with industry, the Quality Factor
for consumer plastic encapsulated microcircuits (PEMs) used in NAVSEA
systems, is being reduced to a Quality Factor (pQ) of 4.0. In addition,
for PEMs used in NAVSEA systems, the Environmental Factor in the
MIL-HDBK-217F notice 2 should be modified to the following:
a.
For microcircuits used in the Protected Environment, the Environmental
Factor (pE) is 0.5.
b.
For microcircuits used in the Normal Environment, the Environmental
Factor (pE) is 5.0.
In
addition to the MIL-HDBK-217F, notice 2 there are other methods
used to predict microcircuit reliability. The MIL-HDBK-217F, notice
2 is the preferred method until a suitable replacement is developed.
Protected
Environment
The protected environment is applicable for parts employed according
to the following provisions:
a.
used in readily accessible maintenance applications
b.
used in a controlled environment
c.
with a temperature range of 0°C to 70°C
d.
not used in an application with shock, vibration, pressure or moisture
e.
not stored for later usage
f.
with an application life-span of up to 5 years
Normal
Environment
The normal environment is applicable for parts employed according
to the following provisions:
a.
used in inhabited applications
b.
used in applications usually accessible for maintenance or replacement
c.
used in an uncontrolled, but not extreme, temperature environment
with a temperature range of -40°C to +85°C
d.
used in an application having a minimal to low-medium controlled
shock, vibration, pressure or moisture environment
e.
can be stored for later usage (not to exceed 10 years)
f.
with an application life span of 5 to 10 years
Severe
Environment
The severe environment is applicable for parts employed according
to the following provisions:
a.
used in uninhabited environments
b.
used at varying temperatures or temperature extremes
c.
with a temperature range of -55°C to 125°C
d.
used in an application having a medium to high shock, pressure,
vibration, or moisture environment
e.
can be stored for later usage (over 10 years)
f.
with an application life span of 10 to 20 years
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